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1. What type of medications should be avoided during pregnancy to help decrease the risk of a congenital heart defect?
A. Teratogens
B. NSAIDS
C. Antibiotics
D. Herbal medications
2. What is the most common type of congenital heart defect?
A. Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
B. Atrial septal defect
C. Pulmonary valve stenosis
D. Ventricular septal defect
3. What type of congenital heart defect is Tetralogy of Fallot?
A. Non-cyanotic
B. Cyanotic left heart obstructive
C. Cyanotic right heart obstructive
D. Cyanotic mixing
4. A nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with an atrial septal defect. The patient is not exhibiting any symptoms and the parents ask what treatment will be needed for the defect. The nurse knows that what common intervention is used for an asymptomatic atrial septal defect?
A. Open heart surgery
B. Wait for the defect to heal on its own
C. Balloon valvuloplasty
D. Glenn shunt procedure
5. A nurse is caring for an adult patient who has a history of a non-cyanotic congenital heart defect that was repaired during infancy. The patient is at a follow up appointment with their cardiologist and asks the nurse what complications they are at high risk for. The nurse knows that which potential health issue is related to congenital heart defects?
A. Kidney disease
B. Migraines
C. Lung cancer
D. Asthma
6. What chronic condition is the most common cause of death for adults who have a congenital heart defect?
A. Diabetes
B. Infective endocarditis
C. Heart failure
D. Stroke
7. What congenital heart defect is likely to be diagnosed in adulthood due to the lack of symptoms?
A. Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
B. Tricuspid atresia
C. Aortic valve stenosis
D. Atrial septal defect
8. A nurse is caring for a newborn diagnosed with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS). The nurse knows that HLHS causes what dysfunction of the heart?
A. Oxygen-rich blood to flow to the right side of the heart instead of the left side
B. The inability of the left side of the heart to pump oxygen-rich blood to the rest of the body
C. Narrowing of the aortic valve opening restricting blood flow from the left ventricle
D. Hole between the chambers of the right and left sides of the heart
9. A nurse is caring for a child with a congenital heart defect and assesses that the parents are struggling to cope with their child's diagnosis. What coping strategy could the nurse suggest to support the parents?
A. Stay home as much as possible
B. Do not talk to the child about their diagnosis
C. Regular physical activity
D. Maintain a strict diet
10. A nurse is caring for a newborn diagnosed with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). The nurse knows that PDA causes what dysfunction of the heart?
A. An opening that does not close when it is supposed to and causes excess blood to flow to the lungs
B. The aorta is narrowed causing a backup of blood flow and an increased workload on the heart
C. A structural defect along the aortic arch that causes an obstruction in blood flow
D. The aorta and the pulmonary artery are in abnormal positions
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