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1. Individuals who use illicit drugs are more likely to commit crimes, and it is common for many offenses, including violent crimes, to be committed by individuals who had used drugs or alcohol prior to committing the crime, or who were using at the time of the offense.
A. True
B. False
2. Craving for drugs may be triggered by:
A. Contact with the people associated with prior drug use.
B. Places and things associated with prior drug use.
C. Stress.
D. All of the above.
3. Longitudinal outcome studies find that those who participate in community-based drug abuse treatment programs commit the same number of crimes as those who do not participate.
A. True
B. False
4. All of the following are true with regard to those who are legally pressured to enter treatment compared to those who enter treatment without legal pressure, except for:
A. Most studies suggest that outcomes for those who are legally pressured to enter treatment are as good as or better than outcomes for those who entered treatment without legal pressure.
B. Individuals under legal pressure tend to have lower attendance rates.
C. Individuals under legal pressure tend to remain in treatment for longer periods.
D. All of the above statements are true.
5. Which of the following evidence-based interventions help participants learn positive social and coping skills?
A. Cognitive-behavioral therapy
B. Contingency management approaches
C. Motivational enhancement
D. All of the above
6. Generally, better outcomes are associated with treatment that lasts longer than _____ days, with treatment completers achieving the greatest reductions in drug abuse and criminal behavior.
A. 30
B. 60
C. 90
D. 120
7. Rewards and sanctions are most likely to change behavior when they:
A. Are certain to follow the targeted behavior.
B. Follow swiftly.
C. Are perceived as fair.
D. All of the above.
8. Punishing negative behavior is more effective in producing long-term positive change than rewarding positive behavior.
A. True
B. False
9. Research shows that treatment for drug abuse can lessen the spread of infectious disease by reducing high-risk behaviors like needle-sharing and unprotected sex.
A. True
B. False
10. The effective treatment of juvenile substance abusers often requires a family-based treatment model that targets family functioning and the increased involvement of family members.
A. True
B. False
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